聽懂外國人的言下之意!4張圖學會「if」假設語氣的時態用法和實現率

假設語氣後面接的時態,可以判斷實現機率高低!(翻攝自YouTube)

我們時常用if 來做假設語氣,最困擾的就是常常搞不清楚現在要用哪個時態才正確,本文就來解釋if用法的重點,希望大家能夠更清楚各種if的用法喔!

If除了表達可能性、期望之外,它還能在重要時刻扮演決策的推手。

1
 

實現機率:100%

If you gave us a discount, we would order more.如果你可以給我們折扣,我們會訂多一點。(前提:你覺得對方不太可能給折扣,但還是想爭取看看折價空間。)

If we ordered more, would you give us a discount? 如果我們訂多一點,你會給我們折扣嗎?

2
 

實現機率:70-100%

If you give us a 10% discount, we will order 500. 如果你給我們打9折,我們就會訂500個。 (前提:你覺得對方很有可能給折扣)

If we order 500, can you give us a 10% discount?如果我們訂500個,你可以給我們打9折嗎?

3
 

實現機率:0%

If I had known you were coming I would have baked a cake. 如果我知道你要來,我會烤一個蛋糕。

If I had worked hard, I would have passed the exam. 如果我有努力一點,我就會通過考試了。

4
 

實現機率:0%

If Mike had known more about their culture, negotiating would have been easier. 如果Mike多了解他們的文化,協商就會比較容易了。

If they had left earlier, they would have arrived on time. 如果他們有早點離開,就會準時抵達了

避免太直接

實現機率:0-40% 

If+主詞+過去簡單式, 主詞+would/could+have+動詞

實現機率:70-100%

If+主詞+現在簡單式, 主詞+現在簡單式If+主詞+現在簡單式, 主詞+will +動詞

強硬命令

It will be a big help to us if you do some overtime this weekend.你這週末加點班,就是在幫我們。

委婉客氣

It would be a big help to us if you did some overtime this weekend. 如果你這週末可以加點班,那麼會對我們有很大幫助。

直接表明

If you send me the document, I will be very grateful. 你寄給我檔案,我會很感謝。

If you sent me the document, I would be very grateful. 如果你可以寄給我檔案,那麼我會很感謝。